Understanding students with learning disabilities 6
A fifth grader solves advanced math puzzles with ease and also has an identified reading disability. Which term describes such a student?Wikipedia, Twice exceptional (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 001 (foundations and principles in the field of learning disabilities).
A parent says her son cannot have dyslexia because he does not write letters backwards. Which reply is accurate?Wikipedia, Dyslexia (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 001 (foundations and principles in the field of learning disabilities).
A student can repeat a three-step direction at once, yet loses the steps while doing the first one and cannot hold a number in mind while adding to it. Which process is weak?Wikipedia, Working memory (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 002 (types, characteristics and implications of learning disabilities).
A student passes a hearing screening but mixes up similar-sounding words and loses the thread of spoken directions in a noisy room. Which disorder fits this picture?Wikipedia, Auditory processing disorder (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 002 (types, characteristics and implications of learning disabilities).
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Understanding students with learning disabilities, continued
A student tells a rich story aloud, but her handwriting is slow, her letters are poorly formed and her written sentences lose their thread. Which learning disability does this suggest?Wikipedia, Dysgraphia (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 002 (types, characteristics and implications of learning disabilities).
A third grader reads far below grade level. The evaluation shows the reading problem is primarily the result of an uncorrected hearing loss. Under Michigan's definition, is this a specific learning disability?MARSE With Related IDEA Federal Regulations (Michigan Department of Education, May 2025), R 340.1713 (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 001 (foundations and principles in the field of learning disabilities).
Assessment and individualized programs 12
A parent asks where the IEP describes how her daughter's reading disability affects her progress in the regular curriculum. Which section should the teacher open?34 CFR 300.320 (Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School) (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 005 (IEPs and transition plans).
A report says a student's reading score has a percentile rank of 16. What does that tell his parents?Wikipedia, Percentile rank (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 004 (conducting assessments and interpreting results).
A student with a reading disability takes the same chapter test as his classmates, with extra time and the print enlarged. What kind of support is this?Center for Parent Information and Resources, Supports, Modifications, and Accommodations for Students (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 005 (IEPs and transition plans).
A teacher states the goal, demonstrates a comprehension strategy step by step and then leads the class through practice before students work alone. Which approach is this?Wikipedia, Direct instruction (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 006 (managing the learning environment and individualizing instruction).
An IEP team meeting will consider a 15-year-old's postsecondary goals and the transition services he needs. What must the district do about the student himself?MARSE With Related IDEA Federal Regulations (Michigan Department of Education, May 2025), 34 CFR 300.321 (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 005 (IEPs and transition plans).
Before finding a specific learning disability, what must the group consider in order to rule out a lack of appropriate instruction in reading or math?MARSE With Related IDEA Federal Regulations (Michigan Department of Education, May 2025), 34 CFR 300.309 (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 004 (conducting assessments and interpreting results).
During an evaluation for a suspected specific learning disability, where does federal regulation require the student to be observed?MARSE With Related IDEA Federal Regulations (Michigan Department of Education, May 2025), 34 CFR 300.310 (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 004 (conducting assessments and interpreting results).
Each week a teacher has a student read a fresh grade-level passage for one minute and graphs the words read correctly. What kind of assessment is this?Wikipedia, Curriculum-based measurement (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 003 (assessment instruments and practices).
Every fall, winter and spring, all students in a school take the same short reading and math probes, and the lowest scorers are flagged for extra help. What is this practice called?Wikipedia, Response to intervention (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 003 (assessment instruments and practices).
Federal regulation lists eight areas in which inadequate achievement may point to a specific learning disability. Which pair is on the list?MARSE With Related IDEA Federal Regulations (Michigan Department of Education, May 2025), 34 CFR 300.309 (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 004 (conducting assessments and interpreting results).
In deciding whether a student has a learning disability, what does Michigan's rule say about a severe discrepancy between intellectual ability and achievement?MARSE With Related IDEA Federal Regulations (Michigan Department of Education, May 2025), R 340.1713 (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 003 (assessment instruments and practices).
Michigan's rule on specific learning disability says the multidisciplinary evaluation team shall include at least which two members?MARSE With Related IDEA Federal Regulations (Michigan Department of Education, May 2025), R 340.1713 (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 004 (conducting assessments and interpreting results).
Teaching and promoting development 21
A federal practice guide on helping students who struggle with mathematics recommends a well-chosen set of which tools to support concepts and procedures?Institute of Education Sciences, What Works Clearinghouse, Assisting Students Struggling with Mathematics: Intervention in the Elementary Grades (WWC 2021006) (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 011 (mathematical performance).
A fourth grader makes no errors on a passage but reads it very slowly, her voice a monotone that runs past the periods. Which two of the three concepts that research ties to reading fluency are weak?Wikipedia, Fluency (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 009 (reading skills).
A student cannot spot errors when she rereads her own typed draft. Which technology reads the text back to her aloud so that she can hear them?Wikipedia, Speech synthesis (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 010 (written expression).
A student follows spoken directions well but has great difficulty putting her own thoughts into words. Which term names her area of difficulty?National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, Speech and Language Developmental Milestones (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 007 (oral language and communication skills).
A student listens, eyes closed, to the word "hat" and is asked to swap its first sound for /k/. He says "cat." Which skill is being practiced?Wikipedia, Phonological awareness (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 008 (emergent literacy skills).
A student says, "Yesterday store to the went I." Every word is a real word, but the order is wrong. Which component of language is affected?Wikipedia, Syntax (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 007 (oral language and communication skills).
A student understands a story when it is read aloud to her but cannot read the same story by herself. Under the simple view of reading, which component is weak?Wikipedia, Simple view of reading (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 009 (reading skills).
A student with a reading disability jokes loudly whenever oral reading begins and is sent out. A functional behavior assessment finds that the joking lets him avoid reading aloud. Which plan fits the data?The answer rests on the text printed in the question and on the wording of the objective (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 013 (behavioral interventions).
A student with a strong vocabulary misreads social cues, has poor fine motor coordination and struggles with visual-spatial tasks such as maps and puzzles. Which proposed disorder has this profile?Wikipedia, Nonverbal learning disorder (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 012 (social-emotional competence).
A student with average reading skills has trouble understanding numbers, learning number facts and carrying out calculations. Which learning disability does this describe?Wikipedia, Dyscalculia (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 011 (mathematical performance).
A teacher gives students a short made-up word in which each letter stands for one step to check when editing a draft. What kind of aid is this?Wikipedia, Mnemonic (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 010 (written expression).
A teacher shows that "replays" has three meaningful parts: re-, play and -s. Which units of language is she teaching?Wikipedia, Morpheme (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 007 (oral language and communication skills).
A teacher sits beside a reader with a copy of the passage, ticks each word read correctly, codes the errors, and afterward works out the percent correct and how often the reader self-corrected. What has the teacher taken?Wikipedia, Running record (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 009 (reading skills).
Before drafting, a student fills in a web with the main idea in the center and three supporting details around it. What is this tool?Wikipedia, Graphic organizer (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 010 (written expression).
During shared writing a kindergartner says, "Bus starts with /b/, so I need a b." Which understanding is she showing?Wikipedia, Alphabetic principle (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 008 (emergent literacy skills).
How does Michigan's school code describe positive behavioral intervention and support?Michigan Compiled Laws, MCL 380.1307h (Michigan Legislature) (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 013 (behavioral interventions).
In a reading lesson a student sees a letter, says its sound and traces it in sand, all at once. Which word describes this kind of phonics teaching?Wikipedia, Orton-Gillingham (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 009 (reading skills).
On the first day of ninth grade a student tells each teacher that she uses audio versions of texts and extra time, and asks how to arrange them before the first test. Which skill is she showing?The answer rests on the text printed in the question and on the wording of the objective (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 012 (social-emotional competence).
Partway through a problem a student stops and asks herself, "Does this answer make sense? Which strategy should I try next?" What is she using?Wikipedia, Metacognition (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 012 (social-emotional competence).
The same federal practice guide calls for deliberate instruction on word problems. How does it say new kinds of word problems should be brought in?Institute of Education Sciences, What Works Clearinghouse, Assisting Students Struggling with Mathematics: Intervention in the Elementary Grades (WWC 2021006) (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 011 (mathematical performance).
Which approach to reading comprehension, rooted in the work of Annemarie Palincsar, has teacher and students share a dialogue built on four named strategies?Wikipedia, Reciprocal teaching (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 009 (reading skills).
Working in the professional environment 6
A mother believes the school's testing missed her son's reading problem and rejects its findings. What may she ask for under federal regulation?34 CFR 300.502 (Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School) (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 014 (communicating and collaborating).
A parent asks for a one-to-one reading program for her son, and the district says no. What does federal regulation require of the district when it refuses?34 CFR 300.503 (Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School) (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 015 (professional, ethical and legal responsibilities).
A private tutoring company, not working for the school, asks for a student's test scores. What does the FERPA regulation generally require before the school hands them over?34 CFR 99.30 (Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School) (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 015 (professional, ethical and legal responsibilities).
To halve the group size for a review, two co-teachers who planned together take half of the class each to opposite ends of the room and cover identical material. Which model are they using?Wikipedia, Co-teaching (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 014 (communicating and collaborating).
Which Supreme Court decision of 2017 held that a school must offer an IEP reasonably calculated to enable a child to make progress appropriate in light of the child's circumstances?Wikipedia, Endrew F. v. Douglas County School District (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 015 (professional, ethical and legal responsibilities).
Which two steps does federal regulation name for making sure parents have the chance to take part in an IEP team meeting?34 CFR 300.322 (Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School) (read 2026-10-13). Outline: MTTC Learning Disabilities (114) test objectives, objective 014 (communicating and collaborating).
How this list was compiled: Our own questions, written to the test objectives of the Michigan Test for Teacher Certification (MTTC) field 114, Learning Disabilities, as the MTTC site prints them (https://www.mttc.nesinc.com/Content/STUDYGUIDE/MI_SG_obj_114.htm and the test page https://www.mttc.nesinc.com/TestView.aspx?f=HTML_FRAG/MI114_TestPage.html, read 2026-10-13): Understanding students with learning disabilities, 13%; Assessing students and developing individualized programs, 27%; Teaching and promoting the development of students with learning disabilities, 47%; Working in the professional environment, 13%; 100 multiple-choice questions, 2 hours 30 minutes of testing time, passing score 220. This bank holds 45 questions, spread 6, 12, 21, 6 over those subareas. Every fact was read on 2026-10-13 in the public page named under its question: the Michigan Administrative Rules for Special Education with the related federal regulations (Michigan Department of Education, May 2025), the Michigan Compiled Laws on the Michigan Legislature's site, Title 34 of the Code of Federal Regulations at the Legal Information Institute, the practice guide Assisting Students Struggling with Mathematics of the Institute of Education Sciences, the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, the Center for Parent Information and Resources, and the Wikipedia article named for each remaining question. 2 questions rest on a case printed in the question and on the wording of the objective. Licence: Questions, passages, choices and explanations are original work of this site.
How it works
Practice for MTTC Learning Disabilities, field 114, with 45 questions written for this site on identification, assessment, and teaching reading, writing and mathematics. Unofficial practice, not connected with the Michigan Department of Education or Pearson, who run the real test.
Read the full guide
What field 114 covers
Read in the test objectives on October 13, 2026: understanding students with learning disabilities 13%; assessment and individualized programs 27%; teaching and promoting development 47%; the professional environment 13%. This bank follows with 6, 12, 21 and 6 questions. Exam mode takes 40 of them for 60 minutes, as fast as the real test moves.
How Michigan identifies a learning disability
Seven questions follow the path of an evaluation: R 340.1713 says the state shall not require a severe discrepancy and permits a response to intervention process, and the federal rules it sits beside list eight areas of achievement, the instruction data to weigh, and a classroom observation.
Seven of the fifteen objectives each teach one area: oral language, emergent literacy, reading, written expression, mathematics, social-emotional competence and behavior.
Objective 004 names three score types: standard score, percentile rank, and age or grade equivalent. Practice putting each into plain words.
Questions and answers
Is the MTTC Learning Disabilities test the same as Learning Disabled?
Yes. The test page for field 114 notes that this test was formerly called Learning Disabled. Its endorsement code is SM.
How many questions are on the MTTC Learning Disabilities test?
100, all multiple-choice, on a computer. Testing time is 2 hours 30 minutes, and 15 more minutes of the appointment go to a tutorial and a nondisclosure agreement.
What do you need to pass MTTC Learning Disabilities (114)?
A scaled score of at least 220 on the 100 to 300 scale. For the SM endorsement at initial certification the test page also requires a Professional Knowledge and Skills test (117, 121, 135 or 136).
Is there an MTTC Learning Disabilities study guide?
The MTTC site prints one for field 114 in four sections: program information, how to prepare, the test objectives, and sample multiple-choice questions. None of those samples is used on this page.