Industry began in Great Britain and reached the continent later. What set continental industrialization apart?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.1, historical development KC-3.1
The new ideologies of the 19th century took root as a response to which two kinds of upheaval?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.1, historical development KC-3.3.I
On which three kinds of production and transport did Great Britain build its industrial dominance?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.1, historical development KC-3.1.I
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Topic 6.2: The spread of industry throughout Europe 8
About how many people died in the Great Famine in Ireland, which began in 1845?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.2, historical development KC-3.2.V; fact read in Wikipedia, "Great Famine (Ireland)"
The Great Exhibition of 1851 displayed modern industry to the world. In what building was it held?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.2, historical development KC-3.1.I; fact read in Wikipedia, "Great Exhibition"
How did France's move toward industrialization compare with Britain's?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.2, historical development KC-3.1.II.A
What were the Corn Laws, which Britain repealed in 1846?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.2, historical development KC-3.1.I.C; fact read in Wikipedia, "Corn Laws"
Which natural advantage promoted Britain's industrial growth?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.2, historical development KC-3.1.I.A
Which pair of factors helps explain why eastern and southern Europe lagged in industry?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.2, historical development KC-3.1.II.C
Who led Britain's industrialization, by the course framework?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.2, historical development KC-3.1.I.B
Why did Britain's Parliament promote commercial and industrial interests?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.2, historical development KC-3.1.I.C
Topic 6.3: Second wave industrialization and its effects 11
A worldwide fall in prices and economic activity began in 1873. What is it called?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.3, historical development KC-3.1.III.C; fact read in Wikipedia, "Long Depression"
Besides industry itself, what helped Europe's population to grow in this period?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.3, historical development KC-3.2.II.A
Booms and slumps came in quick succession in the 1870s, 1880s and 1890s. How did corporations and governments try to steady the market?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.3, historical development KC-3.1.III.C
By 1914, what had become the predominant modes of production in Europe?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.3, historical development KC-3.1.III.A
The Krupp family's steel works stands in the course as an example of factory production. In which German city did it begin?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.3, historical development KC-3.1.III.A; fact read in Wikipedia, "Krupp"
Mass marketing and industry created demand for new kinds of consumer goods. Which list gives the course's examples?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.3, historical development KC-3.2.IV.A
What did railroads and new means of communication do to national economies?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.3, historical development KC-3.1.III.B
What did the Bessemer process make possible?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.3, historical development KC-3.1.III.A; fact read in Wikipedia, "Bessemer process"
What did the economist Friedrich List argue that a state should do for its young industries?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.3, historical development KC-3.2.IV.A; fact read in Wikipedia, "Friedrich List"
What was the Zollverein, which began on 1 January 1834?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.3, historical development KC-3.2.IV.A; fact read in Wikipedia, "Zollverein"
Which years does the course give for the second industrial revolution?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.3, historical development KC-3.1.III
Topic 6.4: Social effects of industrialization 9
By the end of the century, what was changing in working-class marriage?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.4, historical development KC-3.2.III.C
How did the use of leisure time change over the century?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.4, historical development KC-3.2.III.D
The Ten Hours Act of 1847 limited the working day in textile mills for which workers?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.4, historical development KC-3.2.III.B; fact read in Wikipedia, "Factories Act 1847"
Through which associations did class identity grow among the working classes?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.4, historical development KC-3.2.I.C
What did Britain's Factory Act of 1833 set up, so that it was more than a law on paper?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.4, historical development KC-3.2.III.B; fact read in Wikipedia, "Factory Acts"
What did the Mines Act of 1842 forbid?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.4, historical development KC-3.2.III.B; fact read in Wikipedia, "Mines and Collieries Act 1842"
What happened as people moved from the countryside to the industrial cities?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.4, historical development KC-3.2.II.B
What ideal came to shape bourgeois family life?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.4, historical development KC-3.2.III.A
Which two self-conscious classes developed in the industrialized areas of Europe?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.4, historical development KC-3.2.I.A
Topic 6.5: The Concert of Europe and European conservatism 6
On what view of human nature did conservatives build their ideology?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.5, historical development KC-3.3.I.C
What did Edmund Burke assert in Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790)?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.5, historical development KC-3.3.I.C; fact read in Wikipedia, "Edmund Burke"
What did the Carlsbad Decrees of 1819 do in the German states?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.5, historical development KC-3.4.I.B; fact read in Wikipedia, "Carlsbad Decrees"
What did the Concert of Europe, or Congress System, seek to do?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.5, historical development KC-3.4.I
Which form of government did the conservative writer Joseph de Maistre hold to be the only stable one?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.5, historical development KC-3.3.I.C; fact read in Wikipedia, "Joseph de Maistre"
Which statesman does the course call the architect of the Concert of Europe?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.5, historical development KC-3.4.I.A
Topic 6.6: Reactions and revolutions 10
Against which empire did the Greeks fight their war of independence in the 1820s?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.6, historical development KC-3.4.I.C; fact read in Wikipedia, "Greek War of Independence"
As Russia's finance minister from 1892 to 1903, what did Sergei Witte drive forward?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.6, historical development KC-3.4.II.D; fact read in Wikipedia, "Sergei Witte"
In which country did the Decembrist revolt of 1825 fail?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.6, historical development KC-3.4.I.C; fact read in Wikipedia, "Decembrist revolt"
Polish officers in Warsaw rose in revolt in November 1830. Whose rule were they fighting?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.6, historical development KC-3.4.I.C; fact read in Wikipedia, "November Uprising"
What did Nicholas II promise in the October Manifesto of 1905?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.6, historical development KC-3.4.II.D; fact read in Wikipedia, "October Manifesto"
What did Pyotr Stolypin's agrarian reforms give the Russian peasantry?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.6, historical development KC-3.4.II.D; fact read in Wikipedia, "Pyotr Stolypin"
What did the revolutions of 1848 do to the Concert of Europe?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.6, historical development KC-3.4.I.D
What triggered the revolutions of 1848, by the course framework?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.6, historical development KC-3.4.I.D
What was the result of the July Revolution of 1830 in France?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.6, historical development KC-3.4.I.C; fact read in Wikipedia, "July Revolution"
Which tsar abolished serfdom in the Russian Empire in 1861?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.6, historical development KC-3.4.II.D; fact read in Wikipedia, "Emancipation reform of 1861"
Topic 6.7: Ideologies of change and reform movements 12
British radicals and continental republicans made a common demand. What was it?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.7, historical development KC-3.3.I.B
How did socialism change as the century went on?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.7, historical development KC-3.3.I.D
Liberals agreed on individual rights. What did they debate among themselves?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.7, historical development KC-3.3.I.A
Robert Owen, a utopian socialist, gained his wealth from a textile mill in Scotland. Where was it?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.7, historical development KC-3.3.I.D; fact read in Wikipedia, "Robert Owen"
The utopian socialist Charles Fourier planned cooperative communities. What did he call them?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.7, historical development KC-3.3.I.D; fact read in Wikipedia, "Charles Fourier"
What did anarchists assert?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.7, historical development KC-3.3.I.E
What did Jeremy Bentham make the test of right and wrong?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.7, historical development KC-3.3.I.A; fact read in Wikipedia, "Jeremy Bentham"
What did liberals emphasize?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.7, historical development KC-3.3.I.A
What was the first of the six reforms in the People's Charter of 1838?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.7, historical development KC-3.3.I.B; fact read in Wikipedia, "Chartism"
Which book of 1845 was the first major work of Friedrich Engels?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.7, historical development KC-3.3.I.D; fact read in Wikipedia, "Friedrich Engels"
Which liberal thinker co-wrote The Subjection of Women (1869) and called in Parliament for women's suffrage?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.7, historical development KC-3.3.I.B; fact read in Wikipedia, "John Stuart Mill"
Who wrote The Communist Manifesto, published in 1848?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.7, historical development KC-3.6.II.C; fact read in Wikipedia, "The Communist Manifesto"
Topic 6.8: 19th-century social reform 7
For whom were the first Sunday schools in England set up?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.8, historical development KC-3.3.III.D; fact read in Wikipedia, "Sunday school"
Germany's Social Democratic Party was founded in 1875. Which laws held it back from 1878 to 1890?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.8, historical development KC-3.3.III.B; fact read in Wikipedia, "Social Democratic Party of Germany"
What did feminists press for in this period?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.8, historical development KC-3.3.III.C
Which act of 1833 abolished slavery in most colonies of the British Empire?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.8, historical development KC-3.3.III.D; fact read in Wikipedia, "Slavery Abolition Act 1833"
Which French socialist and feminist wrote The Workers' Union (1843)?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.8, historical development KC-3.3.III.C; fact read in Wikipedia, "Flora Tristan"
Which movement, founded in Manchester in 1903 by Emmeline and Christabel Pankhurst, campaigned for votes for women?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.8, historical development KC-3.3.III.C; fact read in Wikipedia, "Women's Social and Political Union"
Workers founded labor unions and movements for social and economic reform. What did these also develop into?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.8, historical development KC-3.3.III.B
Topic 6.9: Institutional responses and reform 7
Edwin Chadwick's report on the sanitary condition of the laboring population led to which British law?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.9, historical development KC-3.3.II.B; fact read in Wikipedia, "Edwin Chadwick"
Georges Haussmann rebuilt the center of Paris with broad boulevards. Which ruler instructed him to?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.9, historical development KC-3.3.II.B; fact read in Wikipedia, "Haussmann's renovation of Paris"
How did liberalism change as industrialization posed new challenges?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.9, historical development KC-3.3.II.A
What did the Jules Ferry laws of 1881 and 1882 establish in France?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.9, historical development KC-3.3.II.C; fact read in Wikipedia, "Jules Ferry laws"
Which forces moved governments to reform unhealthy and overcrowded cities?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.9, historical development KC-3.3.II.B
Who founded London's Metropolitan Police in 1829?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.9, historical development KC-3.3.II.B; fact read in Wikipedia, "Metropolitan Police"
Why did reformers promote compulsory public education?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.9, historical development KC-3.3.II.C
Topic 6.10: Causation in the age of industrialization 3
By the framework, what did the experience of everyday life in a region depend on?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.10, historical development KC-3.2
Governments responded to the problems that industrialization created or made worse. At times, under whose pressure?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.10, historical development KC-3.3.II
Which chain of cause and effect fits the framework of this unit?College Board, AP European History Course and Exam Description, topic 6.10, historical development KC-3.3
How this list was compiled: Our own questions, written to Unit 6 (Industrialization and Its Effects, c. 1815 to c. 1914) of the College Board's AP European History Course and Exam Description, effective fall 2026, https://apcentral.collegeboard.org/media/pdf/ap-european-history-course-and-exam-description.pdf, read 2026-10-12: topics 6.1 to 6.10. Each answer rests on a historical development statement of the course description or on a sentence of the Wikipedia article named under the question, read on 2026-10-12. Licence: Own work. Short quotations from the public documents named under each question.
How it works
This AP Euro Unit 6 practice test has 76 questions of our own on industrialization and its effects, 1815 to 1914. The College Board, which owns AP, had no part in it, and the practice is unofficial.
Read the full guide
What Unit 6 covers
The College Board's course description, effective fall 2026 and read October 12, 2026, gives Unit 6 ten topics and no weights among them, so the spread is ours: the spread of industry (8 questions), the second wave (11), social effects (9), the Concert of Europe and conservatism (6), reactions and revolutions (10), ideologies of change (12), social reform (7) and institutional responses (7). The topics on context and on causation have 3 each.
Where the answers come from
Half of the answers rest on a historical development statement of the course description, named under the question. The other half are facts about a person, a law or an event of the unit, each read in the Wikipedia article named.
Sort every name in the unit under one label: conservative, liberal, radical, utopian socialist, Marxist, anarchist or feminist.
Hold four dates: 1815 for the Concert of Europe, 1848 for the revolutions, 1861 for Russian emancipation, 1905 for the October Manifesto.
For each reform, name the problem of industrial life it answered: child labor, disease, crowding, crime or schooling.
Questions and answers
What is Unit 6 in AP Euro?
Industrialization and Its Effects, about 1815 to 1914. It is the sixth of the nine units in the College Board's course description.
How much of the AP Euro exam is Unit 6?
From 10 to 15% of the exam, the weighting the College Board's course page gives each of the nine units. The description allows about 15 class periods for it.
What is the difference between the first and second industrial revolutions?
The first began in Britain with textiles, iron and new transport. The second, about 1870 to 1914, reached more of Europe on a larger scale, with steel from the Bessemer process, electricity, chemicals and mass production.
Are AP Euro multiple-choice questions stimulus-based?
Yes. Section I, Part A has 55 questions in 55 minutes, usually in sets of three or four built on a source. The questions here stand alone, so use them to check what you know of the unit.